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Open Educational Resources (OER)

Learn about open and affordable educational resources at PennWest.

Copyright and Creative Commons

Creative Commons is at the heart of what makes OER possible. Creative Commons licenses allow material to be shared and reused under terms that are flexible and legally sound. Creative Commons offers a core suite of six copyright licenses, and it is important to identify which has been applied to material that you intend to use.

"Creative Commons Licenses" by Fotor is licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0.

Creative Commons Attribution

Creative Commons recommends the "TASL" method of citation when referencing a CC-licensed work. With this level of citation, it is recommended you at least include the following information:

  • Title of the work
  • Author/Creator of the work
  • Source of the work
  • License type

Also, be sure to include any relevant links and embed those within each element. For example:

Kitten by Jennifer C. from Flickr is licensed under CC-BY 2.0

Fair Use

Fair use is a legal doctrine that promotes freedom of expression by permitting the unlicensed use of copyright-protected works in certain circumstances. Four factors need to be considered for fair use:

  • the purpose and character of use
  • the nature of the copyrighted work
  • the amount and sustainability of the portion used
  • the effect of the use on the potential market or value of the copyrighted work

These resources provide additional information regarding fair use:

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