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Understanding Scientific Literature
How to (seriously) Read a Scientific Paper
Science magazine "asked a dozen scientists at different career stages and in a broad range of fields to tell us how they [read scientific papers]." Provides helpful guidelines. From March 2016.
How to Read a Scientific Paper (ASPB)
This PDF provides an excellent introduction to the practices and conventions of scientific articles. From the American Society of Plant Biologists, 2013. The following sections are very helpful:
Scientific Papers are Peer-Reviewed on p.3
Anatomy of a Scientific Paper on p.4
Phases of Clinical Research
Detailed description of the pre-clinical and clinical phases (0-4) of research.
Types of Scientific Literature
"A brief list of some of the various types of written information that scientists may consult during the course of their work." Written by a science librarian at SUNY-Geneseo.
What Are the Different Types of Clinical Research?
Briefly defines types of research, including the four clinical trial phases. From the U.S. Food & Drug Administration.